• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a cylinder head (1) for an internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder, with at least one valve seat ring (3) for a lifting valve, wherein the valve seat ring (3) of an at least partially in the cylinder head (1) molded annular cooling channel (4) for a Coolant is surrounded, wherein the cooling channel (4) at least partially surrounds the valve seat ring and extending between at least one inlet (5, 15, 25) and at least one outlet (6). In order to reduce the valve wear, it is provided that the cooling channel (4) - viewed in a section normal to the axis (3a) of the valve seat ring (3) - in the region of the inlet (5, 15, 25) and / or the outlet (6 ) has at least one preferably substantially crescent-shaped bulge (10).
    公开号:AT513383A4
    申请号:T50312/2013
    申请日:2013-05-08
    公开日:2014-04-15
    发明作者:Christof Dipl Ing Knollmayr；Andreas Ing Zurk；Robert Dr Pöschl
    申请人:Avl List Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    1 56619
    The invention relates to a cylinder head for an internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder, with at least one valve seat ring for a globe valve, wherein the valve seat ring is surrounded by a molded at least partially in the cylinder head annular cooling channel for a coolant, wherein the cooling channel surrounds the valve seat ring at least partially and extends between at least one inlet and at least one outlet.
    From WO 08/059108 A arranged in a cylinder head valve seat ring for a reciprocating internal combustion engine is known, wherein in the valve seat ring, a circumferential cooling channel is arranged, which extends between an inlet and an outlet for a coolant.
    Today's high-performance internal combustion engines have thermally highly stressed regions, for example in the area of the exhaust valve bridges between the exhaust valve seats. These areas are particularly at risk for thermal deformation and thus increased valve wear.
    WO 2010/145 940 A1 describes a cylinder head for an internal combustion engine having annular cooling passages around exhaust valve seat rings, wherein entrances and exits of the annular cooling passages are arranged diametrically opposite to the axis of the valve seat rings. Similar cooling channels to valve seats are known from DE 34 12 052 Al. However, these symmetrical cooling measures are not sufficient to effectively prevent thermal deformation of the exhaust valve bridges in high-performance engines.
    The CH 272 380 B or GB 668 962 A respectively describes a valve device of an internal combustion engine with inserted valve seat ring for a poppet valve, wherein the valve seat ring is surrounded by a circumferential cooling channel which extends between an inlet and an outlet. Between the inlet and the outlet, a separation region for the coolant is formed, which prevents a short-circuit flow between inlet and outlet. A similar cooling channel is also known from JP 57-015918 Ul. Although this cooling channel arrangement allow asymmetric cooling of the valve seat rings, however, the heat dissipation due to the low flow rates is insufficient. Another disadvantage is that the separation area between inlet and outlet forms an uncooled thermal bridge and it can thereby 2/17 2 for local overheating and thermal stresses, especially when the separation region is positioned near the thermally highly loaded web between two exhaust valves.
    The object of the invention is to avoid these disadvantages and to reduce valve wear.
    According to the invention this is achieved in that the cooling channel - viewed in a section normal to the axis of the valve seat ring - in the region of the inlet and / or the outlet has at least one preferably substantially crescent-shaped bulge.
    In known arrangements with an annular cooling channel, pressure drops occur in the area of the inlets and outlets, which deteriorates the cooling and leads to increased valve wear. Due to the substantially crescent-shaped bulges in the region of the inlet and / or outlet flow losses are reduced by vortex formations and throttle effects. As a result, the coolant throughput can be increased in a simple manner and the heat dissipation can be improved.
    A simple manufacturing results when the bulge has at least partially substantially circular segment shape, and preferably by a rotary tool, for example by a cutter, can be generated.
    Targeted heat removal from areas subject to high thermal stress, for example the outlet valve bridge, can take place if the bulge is arranged asymmetrically with respect to a meridian plane passing through the center of the inlet or outlet. The eccentric arrangement of the bulge with respect to the center of the inlet or outlet leads to an asymmetrical distribution of the flow losses and thus the flow rates of the coolant in both branches of the annular cooling channel, so that the heat dissipation from both branches of the cooling channel is different.
    The radius r of the protrusion may be between 0.2 times and 0.8 times the outer radius R of the cooling channel, preferably between 0.4 times and 0.6 times the outer radius R of the cooling channel , This results in a favorable flow cross-sectional shape for the lowest possible flow losses and good cooling effect.
    The inlet can open at an angle β in the cooling channel, whereby the angle β between a center line of an inlet channel leading to this inlet and a tangent to the cooling channel in the region of this inlet is clamped, wherein for the angle β: 0 < ß < 90 °.
    In the context of the invention it can be provided that at least one inlet opens radially into the cooling channel, so that the angle β = 90 °.
    Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that at least one inlet opens tangentially into the cooling channel, so that the angle β = 0 °.
    Furthermore, alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that at least one inlet opens obliquely into the cooling channel, so that the following holds for the angle β: 0 < ß < 90 °.
    As a result, a clearly asymmetrically pronounced coolant flow in the cooling channel can be achieved. A particularly effective heat dissipation has resulted in an arrangement in which the center line of the inlet channel of the oblique inlet is arranged tangentially to a circle of curvature of a bulge of a preferably radial inlet.
    The outlet can be arranged diametrically opposite the valve seat ring center-preferably radial-inlet, whereby preferably the center lines of the inlet and the outlet can be arranged in a meridian plane of the valve seat ring.
    It is particularly advantageous for the heat removal from thermally highly stressed areas when multiple entrances open into the cooling channel, wherein a preferably radial inlet with respect to the center of the valve seat ring may be arranged diametrically to the outlet, and wherein the cooling channel may have at least one further inlet, which is preferably disposed on a first side of a meridian plane of the valve seat ring facing an outlet valve bridge through the outlet. The further inlet can be formed as a tangential inlet, which opens tangentially into the cooling channel, or as an oblique inlet, which opens obliquely into the cooling channel. A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention provides for a radial entry, an oblique entry and a tangential entry, wherein the radial entry is diametrically opposite the exit and the two further entries are oblique entry and tangential entry on one side of a meridian plane Valve seat ring through the outlet - in particular on the exhaust valve bridge side facing - can be arranged. This causes a good heat dissipation from the area of the exhaust valve bridge. It is particularly advantageous if at least two inlet channels are arranged so that their center lines passing through the respective entries at a point on a meridian plane of the valve seat ring or at a point in the region of a cooling jacket of a preferably centrally opening into a combustion chamber member, particularly preferably an injection device, cut. As a result of this arrangement, asymmetrical cooling with optimum heat dissipation from the outlet valve bridge can be achieved in a targeted manner.
    Each entry stands in each case with a cast or drilled inlet channel, the outlet in fluid communication with a cast or drilled outlet channel of the cylinder head.
    In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that the cooling channel of the valve seat ring is separated from the cooling system of the restlichten cylinder head. This makes it possible to use other pressures or cooling media for cooling the valve seat ring than, for example, for cooling the cylinder head. In particular, the inlet and the outlet can be connected to the lubricating oil system of the internal combustion engine.
    The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS.
    Show it:
    1 shows a cylinder head according to the invention in a first embodiment in a section along the line I - I in Fig. 3,
    2 shows a cylinder head according to the invention in a second embodiment in a section analogous to FIG. 1,
    Fig. 3 shows the cylinder head in a section along the line III-III in Fig. 1, 5/17 5
    4 shows the detail IV of FIG. 3,
    5 shows a cylinder head according to the invention in a third embodiment in a section analogous to FIG. 1,
    6 shows a cylinder head according to the invention in a fourth embodiment in a section analogous to FIG. 1,
    Fig. 7 shows a cylinder head according to the invention in a fifth embodiment in a section analogous to FIG. 1, and
    8 shows the cylinder head in a section along the line VIII - VIII in Fig. 7.
    Functionally identical parts are provided in the embodiments with the same reference numerals.
    The figures show a cylinder head 1 for at least one cylinder 11 of an internal combustion engine, with at least one outlet valve 2 formed by a not further illustrated lift valve (of which only the outlet valve opening is shown), wherein at least one outlet valve 2 is arranged in the cylinder head 1 for each outlet valve 2 , for example, is pressed. The axis of the valve seat ring 3 is designated by reference numeral 3a. The pressed into the cylinder head 1 or glued valve seat ring 3 is surrounded by a molded into the cylinder head 1, for example milled annular cooling channel 4 for a coolant, which between at least one inlet 5 and an outlet 6 over an angular range α of at least 180 ° to the Valve seat ring 3 extends. In the embodiments of the cooling channel 4 is performed circumferentially around the valve seat ring 3. But it is also an interrupted execution conceivable. The inlet 5 stands with an inlet channel 5a, the outlet 6 with an outlet channel 6a in connection, wherein inlet channel 5a and outlet channel 6a may be formed by bores. The inlet channel 5a extends from a side surface la of the cylinder head 1 and is directed radially to the cylinder center 11a. In the region of the cylinder center 11 a, a component 7 which opens centrally into the combustion chamber 14 of the cylinder 11 -for example a spark plug or an injection device-is arranged, the component 7 being at least partially surrounded by a cooling space 8. In the cooling chamber 8, the outlet channel 6a opens. 6/17 6
    Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a cylinder head 1, wherein the cooling channel 4 in the mouth region of the inlet channel 5a in the cooling channel 4 - ie in the region of the inlet 5 - has a substantially sickle-shaped recess 10. The bulge 10 can essentially have a circular segment shape and be produced, for example, by a cutting tool, such as a milling cutter. But it is also a non-cutting production, for example by an electric discharge process conceivable. The radius r of the bulge is advantageously selected from the range 0.2 * R < r < 0.8 * R, wherein preferably the radius r of the bulge 10 is between preferably 0.4 * R and 0.6 * R. Through a bulge 10 formed in this way, flow losses in the region of the inlet 5 can be substantially reduced. A similar bulge can be provided in an analogous manner in the region of the outlet 6 (not shown). In Fig. 1, the bulge 10 is arranged symmetrically to a through the center line 5 'extending plane ε.
    FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment, which differs from FIG. 1 in that the bulge 10 is asymmetrical with respect to a center 5 " the inlet 5 extending meridian plane ε and / or a running through the outlet 6 Meridianebene δ of the valve seat ring 3 is arranged. As a result, on the one hand, the flow losses when the coolant flows into the cooling channel 4 are reduced and, on the other hand, an asymmetrical quantity distribution of the coolant into the two annular sections 4a, 4b of the cooling channel 4 is effected. As a result, a higher heat dissipation can be achieved on one side of the meridional plane ε or δ than on the other side. In particular, the heat removal on that side of the meridian plane ε, δ is increased, in which the majority of the crescent-shaped bulge 10 is arranged. FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 show the arrangement in a section in the meridian plane ε, δ, wherein in FIG. 4 the inlet 5 is shown in detail.
    Fig. 5 shows the cylinder head 1 in a third embodiment, wherein in addition to a radial inlet channel 5a having radial inlet 5, a tangential inlet 15 is provided with a tangential inlet channel 15a. The tangential inlet channel 15a opens tangentially into the annular cooling channel 4. This results in a strongly asymmetrically pronounced coolant flow in the cooling channel 4, wherein according to the arrows SA, SB through the outlet valve bridge 12 facing portion 4a of the cooling channel 4 7/17 a higher amount of coolant flows, as by the other remote portion 4b, so the cylinder head 1 is cooled more strongly on the side A of the meridian plane ε or δ of the valve seat ring 3 than on the side B.
    Fig. 6 shows a fourth embodiment of the cylinder head 1, wherein, in addition to the radial inlet 5, a further inlet 25 is provided with a further inlet channel 25a similar to FIG. The further - inclined - inlet channel 25a opens on one side A of the plane ε or δ at an acute angle ß in the annular cooling channel 4, wherein the angle ß between a tangent t on the annular cooling channel 4 in the region of the other - oblique - Entry 25 and the center line 25 'of the second inlet channel 25 is clamped. The angle ß is selected between 0 ° and 90 °. In the exemplary embodiment, the center line 25 'of the oblique inlet channel 25a is arranged tangentially to a circle of curvature k with the radius of curvature r of a bulge 10 of the first inlet 5. This results in a pronounced asymmetrical flow of coolant corresponding to the arrows SA, SB in the cooling channel 4, wherein flows through the Auslaßventilbrücke 12 facing portion 4a of the cooling channel 4, a higher amount of coolant than by the other remote portion 4b. The cylinder head 1 is also here on the side A of the level ε or δ more cooled than on the side B.
    FIG. 7 shows a fifth embodiment of the cylinder head 1 with a combination of the measures illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6. In addition to the radial inlet 5, two further inlets - namely a tangential inlet 15 and an oblique inlet 25 are provided, wherein the one tangential inlet 15 a tangentially entering into the cooling channel 4 tangential inlet channel 15a and the oblique inlet 25 an acute angle in the cooling channel 4 opening having oblique inlet channel 25a. The oblique inlet channel 25a opens on an A side of the plane ε and δ at an acute angle ß in the annular cooling channel 4, wherein the angle ß between a tangent t on the annular cooling channel 4 in the region of the oblique inlet 25 and the center line 25th 'of the oblique inlet channel 25 is clamped. The angle ß is selected between 0 ° and 90 °. Both second inlet channels 15a, 25a open on one side A of the plane ε and δ in the annular cooling channel 4, which faces the exhaust valve bridge 12. This results in a particularly pronounced asymmetric coolant flow corresponding to the arrows SA, SB in the cooling channel 4, wherein through the outlet valve bridge 12 facing portion 4a of the cooling channel 4 flows a much higher amount of coolant than through the other portion 4b remote from the other , The cylinder head 1 is thus substantially more strongly cooled on the side A of the plane ε than on the side B.
    As can be seen from FIGS. 5, 6 and 7, the inlet channels 5, 15, 25 can be designed such that their center lines 5 ', 15', 25 'extending through the respective inlets 5, 15, 25 intersect at a point P on a meridian plane δ of the valve seat ring 3 through the outlet 6. The point P is favorably located in the region of the cooling jacket 8 of the component 7 which opens centrally into the combustion chamber 14. This allows a simple production with simultaneously very effective heat removal from the area of the outlet valve bridge 12.
    The holes for the first and second inlet channels 5a, 15a, 25a are subsequently closed in the region of the side surface la of the cylinder head 1 by plugs 9, 19, 29.
    The exemplary embodiments are shown by way of example with a single outlet 6 each. It goes without saying that training with multiple outlets are within the scope of the invention.
    The inlet channels 5a, 15a, 25a of the inlets 5, 15, 25 can be connected to a pressure source in the cylinder head 13 flanged to the cylinder head 1 and (indicated in FIGS. 3 and 8) via vertical bores 5b, 15b, 25b the coolant flow from the inlets 5, 15, 25 to the outlets 6 takes place. The outlet channel 6a of the outlet 6 can be fluidly connected via the cooling jacket 8 of the central component 7 with the cooling jacket 8 of the cylinder head 1. Alternatively, embodiments with reversed coolant flow from the outlets 6 to the inlets 5, 15, 25 are conceivable, in which therefore the outlets 6 are connected to a pressure source and the inlets 5, 15, 25 to a pressure sink. The scope of the present application covers all possible coolant flow directions.
    Furthermore, variants are also conceivable in the context of the present application in which the cooling circuit for the cooling channels 4 for cooling the valve seat rings 3 is formed separately from the cooling circuit of the cylinder head 1. Thus, for cooling the cylinder head 1 and for cooling the valve seat rings 3 different 9/17 9 cooling media, such as cooling water on the one hand and lubricating oil on the other hand, can be used. 10/17
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1]
    A cylinder head (1) for an internal combustion engine having at least one cylinder, with at least one valve seat ring (3) for a lift valve, the valve seat ring (3) being formed by an annular cooling passage (4) at least partially formed in the cylinder head (1) a coolant is surrounded, wherein the cooling channel (4) at least partially surrounds the valve seat ring and between at least one inlet (5, 15, 25) and at least one outlet (6), characterized in that the cooling channel (4) - in one Section normal to the axis (3a) of the valve seat ring (3) considered - in the region of the inlet (5, 15, 25) and / or the outlet (6) has at least one preferably substantially crescent-shaped bulge (10).
    [2]
    2. Cylinder head (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the bulge (10) at least partially substantially circular segment shape, and is preferably produced by a rotary tool.
    [3]
    Cylinder head (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bulge (10) is asymmetrical with respect to one of the means (5 ", 15", 25 ", 6") of the entrance (5, 15, 25 ) or exit (6) extending Meridianebene (ß, δ) is arranged.
    [4]
    4. Cylinder head (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that for the radius r of the bulge (10) with respect to the radius R of the cooling channel (4): 0.2 * R < r < 0.8 * R, preferably 0.4 * R < r < 0.6 * R.
    [5]
    5. Cylinder head (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least one inlet (5, 15, 25) at an angle ß in the cooling channel (4) opens, wherein the angle ß between a center line (5 ' , 15 ', 25') of an inlet channel (5a, 15a, 25a) leading to this inlet (5, 15, 25) and a tangent (t) to the cooling channel (4) in the region of this inlet (5, 15, 25) is clamped, wherein for the angle β: 0 < ß < 90 °. 11/17 11
    [6]
    6. Cylinder head (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that at least one inlet (5) opens radially into the cooling channel (10), so that the angle ß = 90 °.
    [7]
    7. Cylinder head (1) according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that at least one inlet (15) opens tangentially into the cooling channel (4), so that the angle ß = 0 °.
    [8]
    8. Cylinder head (1) according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that at least one inlet (25) opens obliquely into the cooling channel (4), so that for the angle ß: 0 < ß < 90 °.
    [9]
    9. Cylinder head (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that an inlet (5) - preferably a radially into the cooling channel (4) opening radial inlet (5) - with respect to the axis (3a) of the valve seat ring ( 3) is arranged diametrically to the outlet (6).
    [10]
    10. Cylinder head (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that at least one inlet (15, 25) - preferably a tangentially into the cooling channel (4) opening inlet (15) and / or an obliquely merging into the cooling channel Inlet (25) - on a preferably an outlet valve bridge (12) facing the first side (A) of a meridian plane (δ) of the valve seat ring (3) through the outlet (6) is arranged.
    [11]
    11. Cylinder head (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a plurality of inlets (5, 15, 25) open into the cooling channel (4), wherein preferably the entrances (5, 15, 25) asymmetrically with respect to a meridian plane (δ) of the valve seat ring (3) through the outlet (6) are arranged.
    [12]
    12. Cylinder head (1) according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the center line (25 ') of the inlet channel (25) of an obliquely into the cooling channel (4) opening inlet (25) tangentially to a circle of curvature (k) of a Bump (10) of a further, preferably radially into the cooling channel (4) opening inlet (5) is arranged. 12/17 12
    [13]
    13. Cylinder head (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that at least two inlet channels (5, 15, 25) are arranged so that their through the respective entrances (5, 15, 25) extending center lines (5 ', 15', 25 ') at a point (P) on a meridian plane (δ) of the valve seat ring (3) through the outlet (6) and / or at a point (P) in the region of a cooling jacket (8), preferably centrally in a combustion chamber (14) opening component (7), particularly preferably an injection device, cut.
    [14]
    14. Cylinder head (1) according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the cooling channel (4) of the valve seat ring (3) is separated from the cooling system of the restlichten cylinder head (1). 2013 05 08 Fu / Bt 13/17
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    同族专利:
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    DE112014002329A5|2016-04-07|
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    CN105392973B|2018-10-09|
    CN105392973A|2016-03-09|
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
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    JP2018048587A|2016-09-21|2018-03-29|トヨタ自動車株式会社|Internal combustion engine|
    EP3585990A4|2017-02-24|2020-12-09|Cummins Inc.|Engine cooling system including cooled exhaust seats|
    JP6759160B2|2017-06-30|2020-09-23|株式会社クボタ|Water-cooled engine|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50312/2013A|AT513383B1|2013-05-08|2013-05-08|Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine|ATA50312/2013A| AT513383B1|2013-05-08|2013-05-08|Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine|
    US14/889,735| US10408162B2|2013-05-08|2014-04-24|Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine|
    PCT/EP2014/058289| WO2014180661A1|2013-05-08|2014-04-24|Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine|
    CN201480036257.0A| CN105392973B|2013-05-08|2014-04-24|Cylinder cap for internal combustion engine|
    DE112014002329.9T| DE112014002329A5|2013-05-08|2014-04-24|Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine|
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